Requirement of Establishment of Frozen Blood Storage System for Management of Rare Blood Supply and Strategic National Stockpile / 대한수혈학회지

The blood supply can become disrupted in situations of increased demand during unexpected national catastrophes and when a patient needs a rare blood transfusion, which depends on the blood inventory in peacetime. Cryopreservation of blood, which can be stored up to 10 years, represents a possible solution to this problem by avoiding storage lesions. This review describes frozen red cell technologies, quality control issues related to post-thaw red blood cells, and preconditions and practical considerations for implementation of a frozen blood banking system in Korea.

Malaria Parasitaemia Association with ABO Blood Types among Students of a Private University in Western Delta, Nigeria.

Aim: The focus of this work was to investigate any relationship between ABO blood types and malaria parasitaemia among students of a private University based in Western Delta, Nigeria. Study Design: Whole blood samples were obtained from a randomly sampled number of students and dispensed into ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) containers which were appropriately labelled. Collected blood samples were tested for ABO blood types and malaria parasites by standard methods. Data obtained were statistically analyzed. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Microbiology and Biotechnology laboratory of Western Delta University, Oghara, Nigeria between May, 2013 to October, 2013. Methods: Venous blood of 2ml volume was obtained by venepuncture from 360 students made up of 150 (41.7%) males and 210 (58.3%) females of 28years average and who were both symptomatic and asymptomatic for malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum. Malaria parasite screening was done by both P. falciparum antigen rapid (Micropoint, USA) test and Giemsa staining. ABO blood typing was done using Monoclonal Antisera A, B and D. Results obtained were analyzed for any association by chi-square statistical method. Results: One hundred and forty one (41.6%) male and 198 (58.4%) female samples were rhesus positive. Nine (42.9%) and 12 (57.1%) males and females respectively were rhesus negative. ABO blood group frequency occurrence was 55.8 %( O), 22.5 %( A), 18.3 %( B) and 3.4 %(AB). A total of 255 (70.8%) students were infected with P. falciparum parasites of which 55.3% and 44.7% were females and males respectively. ABO blood group malaria parasitaemia frequencies were 76.4 %(O), 56.3% (B), 52.4% (A) and O.O% (AB) for non-severe malaria and 70.5% (O), 58.3% (A), 55.6% (AB) and 50.0% (B) for severe plasmodiasis. Whereas there was significant association between malaria infection and gender (P<0.05), there was no significant association between severe and non-severe malaria parasitaemia in relation to ABO blood types (P>0.05). Conclusion: The presence of rhesus negative factor up to 5.8% suggested a gradual and steady rise in the frequency occurrence of the factor when compared to reports of earlier studies. ABO blood groups O and AB recorded the highest and lowest frequencies respectively. The highest parasitaemia rate was observed among group O individuals and also among female O individuals compared to male O individuals. More female than male students suffered from both severe and non-severe forms of plasmodiasis. There was no significant association of all ABO blood types with severe and non-severe malaria parasitaemia clinically implying that all ABO blood types are equally at risk and therefore, available malaria prophylactic and therapeutic strategies should be directed at subjects of all groups.

Study on Relationship between Maternal Physical and ABO Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To investigate the relevant factors of neonatal hemolysis, especial y the association between maternal health and neonatal hemolysis. [Methods]O and Rh positive pregnant women in late pregnancy in 497 cases, make physical identification, and track whether the newborn hemolysis. [Results] There were significant differences in different physical pregnant women in the postpartum hemolysis newborn during pregnancy, the partial repletion heat, phlegm dampness postpartum hemolytic disease of the newborn was a high incidence of pregnancy, the lowest incidence rate and quality of postpartum hemolytic disease of the newborn. [Conclusion]The constitution(partial phlegm, partial heat) pregnant women for health care, to achieve peace and reduce neonatal ABO hemolytic was significant.

Association between ABO Blood Type and Cervical Dysplasia/Carcinoma in Jamaican Women.

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death from cancer among women worldwide and is the most common female cancer in developing countries. In Jamaica, at 27.5 per 100, 000 it is second only to breast cancer as a cause of cancer death in women. Several studies have suggested an association between blood type A and cervical dysplasia/cancer. The aim of this study was to determine whether presence of cervical dysplasia/cancer is associated with blood type A in Jamaican women. Blood was collected from 319 women, 234 cases (abnormal Pap smears) and 85 controls (normal Pap smears). Blood type was determined by the determination of isoagglutinins (anti-A and anti-B). The frequency of types A, B, AB and O in the controls and cases was similar to the Jamaican population. There was a slightly association between blood group O and cervical dysplasia/ carcinoma in Jamaican women when compared with others blood groups. Cervical dysplasia/ carcinoma was strongly associated to the number of sexual partners, number of biological fathers, number of children and the use of hormonal contraceptive.

Frequência dos antígenos eritrocitários do sistema AB em felinos domésticos no estado da Paraíba / Frequency of AB blood System in domestic cats of Paraíba, Brazil

Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a frequência de antígenos eritrocitários do sistema AB em felinos domésticos da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 178 gatos, clinicamente saudáveis, sem pré-requisitos quanto a sexo ou raça, com peso corporal acima de 1,5 kg e faixa etária acima de um ano de idade, abordados no ato da consulta ambulatorial em clínicas médicas de pequenos animais distribuídas entre três cidades da Paraíba (João Pessoa, Campina Grande e Patos). A determinação dos tipos sanguíneos foi realizada através do teste de hemaglutinação em tubo de ensaio e, a tipagem reversa foi realizada para as amostras tipos B e AB para confirmação e evidenciação de aloanticorpos naturais. Neste estudo a frequência relativa de antígenos eritrocitários A, B e AB em sua totalidade para felinos sem raça foram 98,1%, 1,21% e 0,69%, respectivamente. Todos os felinos com definição racial foram do tipo sanguíneo A. Diante destes, a probabilidade de ocorrência de reações transfusionais aleatórias obtidas foi de 2,78%, sendo cerca 40% (1,11%) potencialmente fatais. Desta forma, dado o conhecimento da frequência dos diferentes tipos sanguíneos em felinos, de uma determinada região, conclui-se que a tipagem sanguínea e o teste de compatibilidade, são importantes ferramentas que permitem ao médico veterinário tomar medidas preventivas que minimizem riscos de ocorrência de reações transfusionais e isoeletrólise neonatal e, estabelece pré-requisitos a respeito dos riscos de procedimentos hemoterápicos em felinos que circunstancialmente necessitem serem conduzidos de forma aleatória.

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of the AB blood group antigens system in domestic cats of Paraíba, Brazil. We randomly selected 178 cats which were clinically healthy, with no prerequisites in terms of gender or race, weighing above 1.5 kg, and were over one year of age. These cats were randomly selected when they entered the small animal clinic facilities in the cities of João Pessoa, Campina Grande and Patos. The determination of blood types was made using the hemagglutination test tube, and the reverse typing was performed for samples B and AB types and for confirmation of alloantibodies natural disclosure. In this study the relative frequency of A, B and AB blood group antigens in cats without a determined breed was 98.1%, 1.21% and 0.69% respectively. All cats with breed definition were blood type A. The likelihood of random transfusion reactions was 2.78%, approximately 40% (1.11%) potentially fatal. Thus, given knowledge of the frequency of different blood types in cats, from a given region, it is concluded that blood typing and compatibility test are important tools that enable the veterinarian to take preventative measures to minimize risks of isoelectrolisys reactions and neonatal transfusion, and establishes prerequisites about the risks of hemotherapic procedures in cats that require circumstantially to be conducted randomly.

Frequencies of DEA blood types in a purebred canine blood donor population in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil / Frequências dos tipos sanguíneos do sistema DEA em uma população de cães de raça doadores de sangue em Porto Alegre, RS

The study of canine immunohematology is very important for veterinary transfusion medicine. The objective of this study was to determine the DEA blood type frequencies in a purebred canine blood donor population from Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. One hundred clinically healthy purebred dogs were chosen, 20 dogs from each breed (Great Dane, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd and Argentine Dogo). Blood samples were taken in ACD-A tubes and the MSU hemagglutination tube test (MI, USA) was used to determine the blood types. The studied population presented general frequencies of 61 percent for DEA 1.1, 22 percent for DEA 1.2, 7 percent for DEA 3, 100 percent for DEA 4, 9 percent for DEA 5 and 16 percent for DEA 7. A significant association was found between breeds and certain combinations of blood types in this population. The results are in agreement with the literature since most part of the canine population studied was positive for DEA 1.1, the most antigenic blood type in dogs. Differences were found among the studied breeds and those should be considered when selecting a blood donor. The knowledge of blood types frequencies and their combinations in different canine populations, including different breeds, is important because it shows the particularities of each group, helps to keep a data bank of local frequencies and minimizes the risks of transfusion reactions.

O estudo da imunohematologia canina é muito importante para a medicina veterinária transfusional. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as frequências dos tipos sanguíneos do sistema DEA em uma população de cães de raça que fazem parte de um programa de cães doadores de sangue em Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Cem cães saudáveis de raça pura foram selecionados, vinte de cada raça (Dogue Alemão, Rottweiler, Golden Retriever, Pastor Alemão e Dogo Argentino). Amostras de sangue foram coletadas em tubos contendo ACD-A e o teste de hemaglutinação em tubo de ensaio da MSU (MI, EUA) foi utilizado para determinar os tipos sanguíneos. A população estudada apresentou frequências gerais de 61 por cento para DEA 1.1, 22 por cento para DEA 1.2, 7 por cento para DEA 3, 100 por cento para DEA 4, 9 por cento para DEA 5 and 16 por cento para DEA 7. Uma associação significativa foi encontrada entre as raças e certas combinações de tipos sanguíneos nesta população. Os resultados estão de acordo com a literatura, visto que a maioria da população canina estudada foi positiva para DEA 1.1, o tipo sanguineo mais antigênico em cães. Foram encontradas diferenças entre as raças estudadas e estas devem ser consideradas na seleção de um doador de sangue. O conhecimento das frequências dos tipos sanguíneos e de suas combinações em diferentes populacões caninas, incluindo diferentes raças, é importante, pois demonstra as particularidades de cada grupo, auxilia na manutenção de um banco de dados sobre as frequências locais e minimiza os riscos de reações transfusionais.

Study on correlativity of blood physical and chemical properties with TCM syndrome types in the patient of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome / 中医杂志

Objective: To probe into essence of syndrome types of blood stasis syndrome. Methods: High shearing whole blood viscosity (?HB). low shearing whole blood viscosity (?LB), plasma viscosity (?P), aggregation index of erythrocyte (AI), hematocrit (HCT) and levels of serum total cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG), plasma fibrinogen (Fb), prostacyclin (PGI2), thromboxane (TXA2) were determined in 216 cases of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome. Results: ?LB and AI increased and PGI2/TXA2 ratio decreased significantly in the group of stagnation of Qi and stasis of blood, showing high aggregation state of blood: CH, HCT, Fb, AI and ?LB increased significantly in the group of blood stasis due to Yin -deficiency, showing high concentration, high agglutination and high aggregation state of blood : ?LB, ?P and TG increased significantly in the group of stagnation of phlegm and blood, showing high viscosity state of blood; only ?HB had some increase in the group of Qi - deficiency and blood stasis . Conclusion: Different syndrome types of blood stasis syndromehave different biochemical material base, and changes of blood physical and chemical properties are closely related with TCM syndrome types, which provides an experimental basis for treatment of subtypes of blood stasis syndrome.